Explicación
Por que dous planificadores dan a mesma resposta
Mesma coche, mesma ruta, mesmo día. Un di que hai tres paradas e seis horas, o outro di que hai dúas paradas e cinco. Ningún está a mentir: desacordan sobre cousas que son realmente incertas.
Asumen diferentes velocidades
A resistencia aerodinámica aumenta co cadrado da velocidade, e a potencia necesaria para superala co cubo. A diferenza entre 110 km/h e 130 km/h non é, por tanto, unha diferenza do vinte por cento no consumo; é moito maior. Un planificador que asume que irás ao límite e outro que asume que irás por debaixo están a modelar dous viaxes diferentes.
A maioría das ferramentas permiten establecer isto e a maioría das persoas nunca o fan. Se dous planificadores desacordan e só podes comprobar unha cousa, verifica a velocidade asumida.
Modelan a curva de carga de forma diferente, ou non a modelan en absoluto
Un paquete de ión-litio acepta alta potencia a un baixo estado de carga e diminúe bruscamente a medida que se enche [3]. A consecuencia práctica é que o último vinte por cento dunha carga pode levar tanto tempo como os primeiros cincuenta, polo que a estratexia óptima é normalmente ter máis paradas, cada unha máis curta, en lugar de menos e máis longas.
Un planificador que modele isto correctamente producirá un itinerario que parece ineficiente — catro paradas en vez de dúas — e, con todo, chegará antes. Un planificador que trate a carga como unha tarifa fixa produce un plan máis ordenado que está equivocado.
Desacordan sobre o tempo
O frío reduce a autonomía útil e ao mesmo tempo ralentiza a taxa á que o paquete aceptará carga [4]. Ambos os efectos empuxan na mesma dirección, e un plan baseado no consumo en tempo suave pode fallar dunha maneira que un pequeno marxe de erro non cobre.
Esta é a fila onde a diferenza entre planificadores é máis consequential, e é por iso que a táboa de capacidades trata a modelización do tempo como unha característica de primeira clase en lugar de un detalle.
Desacordan sobre canto medo deberías ter
O marxe de chegada — cantidade de carga que un planificador insiste que debes ter ao chegar a unha parada — non é unha cantidade física. É unha política. Unha ferramenta configurada para chegar ao 10% e outra configurada para chegar ao 20% producirán itinerarios materialmente diferentes a partir de entradas idénticas, e ningunha é incorrecta.
A ansiedade de autonomía é unha influencia ben documentada sobre como os condutores realmente se comportan, distinta do que o coche pode facer [5]. Un planificador que che permita establecer isto está a permitirte valorar os teus propios nervios, que é o lugar correcto para que esa decisión se sitúe.
Que facer ao respecto
- Establece a suposición de velocidade ao que realmente conduces, non ao que pretendes.
- Nun día frío, planifica co ferramenta pesimista e trata a optimista como un caso ideal.
- Confía nun planificador que che ofreza máis paradas, máis curtas, en vez de menos, máis longas.
- Replanifica a medio viaxe en vez de ao comezo. Cada entrada xa se desviou para entón.
Referencias
Cada cita abaixo enlaza co rexistro orixinal revisado por pares en PubMed ou a través de DOI. Nada aquí substitúe o consello médico.
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